The Hardest Market ยท India
India's HR data
The rules and costs of employing people in India (Mumbai, Maharashtra), from official sources, in English and Japanese, with Japan alongside.
11.6%women in management (2025, ILO)
1.04รemployer's total cost on a salary of โน2,400,000 a year, as a multiple of salary
20public holidays (2026)
Mumbaicity the figures assume
Employment rules
| Statutory annual leave | About 15 daysโ earned leave plus 8 casual days (Maharashtra); managers by contract |
|---|---|
| Public holidays (2026) | 20 days |
| Notice of dismissal | Managers by contract; workers one month |
| Severance required by law | Workers: 15 daysโ pay per year of service on retrenchment; gratuity after 5 years |
| Typical negotiated exit | No official benchmark; set by contract and negotiation |
| Probation | By contract; 6 months (plus 3) for workers under the model standing orders |
| Working hours | 48 a week (Maharashtra); overtime at double pay |
| How hard is dismissal? | Managers: by contract. Workers: inquiry, notice and compensation |
Employer contributions
| EPF employer contribution (EPS + EPF balance) | 12% |
|---|---|
| Employees' Pension Scheme (part of employer's 12%) | 8.33% |
| Employees' Deposit-Linked Insurance | 0.5% |
| EPF administrative charges | 0.5% |
| Employees' State Insurance (employer share) | 3.25% |
| Gratuity (annual provision) | 4.81% |
| Statutory bonus (Code on Wages s.26) | 8.33% |
| Maharashtra Labour Welfare Fund (employer share) | โน75 |
Employee contributions
| Employees' Provident Fund (employee share) | 12% |
|---|---|
| Employees' State Insurance (employee share) | 0.75% |
| Maharashtra professional tax | โน2,500 |
| Maharashtra Labour Welfare Fund (employee share) | โน25 |
Take-home pay and employer cost by annual salary
| Annual salary | Employee contributions | Income tax | Take-home | Employer cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| โน1,200,000 | โน38,500 | โน0 | โน1,161,500 | โน1,267,260 |
| โน2,400,000 | โน38,500 | โน292,500 | โน2,069,000 | โน2,496,120 |
| โน4,800,000 | โน38,500 | โน1,037,400 | โน3,724,100 | โน4,953,840 |
| โน9,600,000 | โน38,500 | โน2,788,500 | โน6,773,000 | โน9,869,280 |
Assumes an Indian resident in Mumbai on the new tax regime, basic pay at 50% of salary, at an establishment covered by EPF, ESI, gratuity and the statutory bonus.
Company data
India's largest listed companies publish staff by gender, turnover and median pay by gender in their Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reports (BRSR). See the companies.
Sources: Income Tax Department, EPFO, ESIC, Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of Maharashtra, ILOSTAT. Checked 2026-10-24.