This status is based on family relationship, not on a job. It covers the legally married foreign spouse of a Japanese national, children born to a Japanese national, and children specially adopted by one. A similar status, Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident, covers the families of permanent residents.
Holders can do any kind of work, full time or part time, in any industry, and can change jobs or start a business without asking the immigration authorities. Periods of stay of six months, one, three or five years are granted. Applicants must show a genuine marriage, usually with evidence of how the couple met and live together, and enough income or means to support the household. The status depends on the marriage continuing: after divorce or bereavement the holder must notify the authorities within 14 days and, after six months without engaging in activity as a spouse, the status can be revoked unless there is good reason.
Spouses of Japanese nationals can apply for permanent residency after three years of marriage and one year of residence in Japan, much earlier than the standard ten years.
What it means for a foreign employer
- These are among the easiest foreign hires. No sponsorship is needed and the job does not have to match a degree, so roles that do not fit a professional work visa are open to them.
- Check the card, not the passport. The residence card shows the status and that work is unrestricted.
- Status can change with personal life. A divorce can mean the employee needs to move to a work visa. That requires a job that qualifies for it, and HR may be asked for support.
- Do not ask about the marriage. Confirming the residence status is enough; questions about the relationship go further than an employer needs.
Sources
- Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act, Appended Table II (Spouse or Child of Japanese National), Articles 19-16 and 22-4.
- Immigration Services Agency, guidelines for permission for permanent residence.